Investigating the effect of copper nanoparticles on morphological, physiological, biochemical properties and yield of Mallow under drought stress conditions

To evaluate the effect of copper nanoparticles on the characteristics of mallow under drought stress conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse conditions in 2017. The first factor of drought stress was at three levels without stress and 75 and 50% of field capacity and the second factor was copper nanoparticles at four levels of 0, 10, 50, and 100 mg/lit. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of drought and copper nanoparticles for all traits. Also, the interaction effect of drought stress and nano-particle was significant on carotenoid, catalase, biomass, plant yield, and 1000-grain weight. The results show that this plant responds to drought stress. Among the different levels of copper nanoparticles, the concentration of 50 mg/lit had the highest in terms of traits. At a concentration of 50 mg/lit nanoparticles of copper, carbon dioxide, biomass, catalase, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield showed the highest levels of stress-free surface, but at the dry stress level, these properties decreased less due to nanoparticle concentrations. The results also showed that 100 mg/lit level had the lowest levels in the studied traits and harmed the plant by toxicity. Therefore, it can reduce the negative effect of drought stress using copper nanoparticles with a concentration of 50 mg/lit.